السيرة · Biography
يُلقَّب بـ«أبي الشعر العربي» و«الملك الضليل»، وهو ملك كندة الجاهلي الذي أتقن فن القصيدة العربية. تُعدّ معلقته أعظم قصيدة في الأدب العربي، مشهورة بتصويرها الحي للحب والصيد وعواصف الصحراء.
Known as 'The Father of Arabic Poetry' and 'Prince of the Poets,' this pre-Islamic king of Kinda is credited with perfecting the qasida form. His Mu'allaqa is considered the greatest poem in Arabic literature, famous for its vivid imagery of love, hunting, and desert storms.
السياق التاريخي · Historical Context
عاش في القرن السادس الميلادي في شبه الجزيرة العربية قبل الإسلام. كانت قبيلته كندة من أقوى القبائل العربية الجنوبية.
حقائق · Verified Facts
- كان ملك قبيلة كندة وأبوه حُجر بن الحارث
- قُتل والده وقضى حياته يسعى للثأر
- لجأ إلى القيصر البيزنطي يوستنيانوس طلبًا للمساعدة
- توفي في أنقرة (تركيا حاليًا) متأثرًا بمرض جلدي
- معلقته من أطول المعلقات السبع (77 بيتًا)
- لُقب بالملك الضليل وذي القروح
القصائد · Poems (35)
قِفَا نَبْكِ مِنْ ذِكْرَى حَبِيبٍ ومَنْزِلِ
Halt, you two companions, and let us weep for the memory of a beloved
And an abode at the edge of…
فَتُوضِحَ فَالْمِقْرَاةِ لَمْ يَعْفُ رَسْمُهَا
The trace of her dwelling has not been effaced at Tudih and Miqrat
By the weaving of the south…
وَلَيْلٍ كَمَوْجِ البَحْرِ أَرْخَى سُدُولَهُ
Many a night like the waves of the sea has let down its curtains
Upon me with all kinds of sorrows…
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ لَمَّا تَمَطَّى بِصُلْبِهِ
I said to the night when it stretched its lazy back
And followed with its hindquarters and weighed…
وَقَدْ أَغْتَدِي وَالطَّيْرُ فِي وُكُنَاتِهَا
Many a morning I have set out while birds were still in their nests
On a swift horse, the…
مِكَرٍّ مِفَرٍّ مُقْبِلٍ مُدْبِرٍ مَعًا
Charging, retreating, advancing, withdrawing all at once
Like a boulder that the torrent has…
قِفَا نَبْكِ مِنْ ذِكْرَى حَبِيبٍ وَمَنْزِلِ
Stop, let us weep for the memory of a beloved and a dwelling
At the edge of the winding dune…
وَلَيْلٍ كَمَوْجِ الْبَحْرِ أَرْخَى سُدُولَهُ
And a night like the waves of the sea let down its curtains
Upon me with all kinds of sorrows to…
وَقَدْ أَغْتَدِي وَالطَّيْرُ فِي وُكُنَاتِهَا
Many a morning I have ridden out while birds were still in their nests
On a swift horse, the…
مِكَرٍّ مِفَرٍّ مُقْبِلٍ مُدْبِرٍ مَعًا
Attacking, retreating, advancing, withdrawing all at once
Like a boulder the torrent hurled from…
كَأَنَّ الثُّرَيَّا عُلِّقَتْ فِي مَصَامِهَا
As if the Pleiades were hung in their station
By ropes of flax to solid rock
تُضِيءُ الظَّلاَمَ بِالْعِشَاءِ كَأَنَّهَا
She lights the darkness at nightfall as though she were
The lantern of a hermit monk at vespers
أَفَاطِمُ مَهْلاً بَعْضَ هَذَا التَّدَلُّلِ
O Fatima, gently now with this coquetry
And if you have resolved to cut me off, do so gracefully
وَبَيْضَةِ خِدْرٍ لاَ يُرَامُ خِبَاؤُهَا
And a secluded maiden whose tent none may approach
I took my pleasure with her at leisure, unhurried
تَجَاوَزْتُ أَحْرَاسًا إِلَيْهَا وَمَعْشَرًا
I passed by guards to reach her, and a tribe
Eager to slay me if they could conceal my death
فَمِثْلِكِ حُبْلَى قَدْ طَرَقْتُ وَمُرْضِعٍ
Many a pregnant and nursing woman like you I have visited
And distracted her from her…
كَأَنَّ عَلَى الْمَتْنَيْنِ مِنْهُ إِذَا انْتَحَى
As though upon his flanks when he strains
Lies the grinding-stone of a bride or the polisher of…
قِفَا نَبْكِ مِنْ ذِكْرَى حَبِيبٍ وَمَنْزِلِ
Halt, let us weep in remembrance of a beloved and a dwelling
At the edge of the winding sand…
وَلَيْلٍ كَمَوْجِ البَحْرِ أَرْخَى سُدُولَهُ
And a night like sea waves that let down its curtains
Upon me with varieties of sorrows to test me
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ لَمَّا تَمَطَّى بِصُلْبِهِ
So I said to it when it stretched its back
And dragged its hindquarters and rose on its breast
أَلا أَيُّهَا اللَّيْلُ الطَّوِيلُ أَلا انْجَلِي
O long night, will you not clear away
With dawn, though dawn is no better than you
وَقَدْ أَغْتَدِي وَالطَّيْرُ فِي وُكُنَاتِهَا
I go forth at dawn while birds are still in their nests
On a steed lean and swift, shackling wild…
مِكَرٍّ مِفَرٍّ مُقْبِلٍ مُدْبِرٍ مَعًا
Attacking, fleeing, advancing, retreating all at once
Like a boulder that torrents hurl down from…
أَفَاطِمَ مَهْلًا بَعْضَ هَذَا التَّدَلُّلِ
O Fatima, slow down some of this coquetry
And if you have resolved to cut me off, do so gently
وَلَيْلٍ كَمَوْجِ البَحْرِ أَرْخَى سُدُولَهُ
And a night like the waves of the sea let down its curtains
Upon me with various sorrows to test me
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ لَمَّا تَمَطَّى بِصُلْبِهِ
I said to it when it stretched its back
And brought up its hindquarters and rose on its breast
أَلا أَيُّهَا اللَّيْلُ الطَّوِيلُ أَلا انْجَلِي
O long night, will you not clear away
With dawn, though the dawn is no better than you
مِكَرٍّ مِفَرٍّ مُقْبِلٍ مُدْبِرٍ مَعًا
Charging, fleeing, advancing, retreating together
Like a boulder that the torrent hurled from above
كَأَنَّ الثُّرَيَّا عُلِّقَتْ فِي مَصَامِهَا
As if the Pleiades were suspended at their station
By ropes of linen to hard rock
وَلَيْلٍ كَمَوْجِ البَحْرِ أَرْخَى سُدُولَهُ
And a night like the waves of the sea let down its curtains
Upon me with all kinds of sorrows to…
فَقُلْتُ لَهُ لَمَّا تَمَطَّى بِصُلْبِهِ
Then I said to it when it stretched out its spine
And brought forward its hindquarters and rose on…
أَلا أَيُّهَا اللَّيْلُ الطَّوِيلُ أَلا انْجَلِي
O long night, will you not disperse
With dawn, though dawn is no better than you
كَأَنَّ الثُّرَيَّا عُلِّقَتْ فِي مَصَامِهَا
As if the Pleiades were hung in their place
By flax ropes to solid rock
مِكَرٍّ مِفَرٍّ مُقْبِلٍ مُدْبِرٍ مَعًا
Attacker, retreater, advancing, withdrawing, all at once
Like a boulder the flood has hurled from…
قِفَا نَبْكِ مِنْ ذِكْرَى حَبِيبٍ وَعِرْفَانِ
Stop, let us weep from memory of a beloved and knowing
And a trace whose signs have faded since ages